> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.peaka.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Bitwise functions

## Bitwise functions

### bit\_count

```
bit_count(x, bits) -> bigint
```

Count the number of bits set in `x` (treated as `bits`-bit signed
integer) in 2's complement representation:

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bit_count(9, 64); -- 2
SELECT bit_count(9, 8); -- 2
SELECT bit_count(-7, 64); -- 62
SELECT bit_count(-7, 8); -- 6
```

### bitwise\_and

```
bitwise_and(x, y) -> bigint
```

Returns the bitwise AND of `x` and `y` in 2's complement representation.

Bitwise AND of `19` (binary: `10011`) and `25` (binary: `11001`) results in
`17` (binary: `10001`):

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_and(19,25); -- 17
```

### bitwise\_not

```
bitwise_not(x) -> bigint
```

Returns the bitwise NOT of `x` in 2's complement representation
(`NOT x = -x - 1`):

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_not(-12); --  11
SELECT bitwise_not(19);  -- -20
SELECT bitwise_not(25);  -- -26
```

### bitwise\_or

```
bitwise_or(x, y) -> bigint
```

Returns the bitwise OR of `x` and `y` in 2's complement representation.

Bitwise OR of `19` (binary: `10011`) and `25` (binary: `11001`) results in
`27` (binary: `11011`):

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_or(19,25); -- 27
```

### bitwise\_xor

```
bitwise_xor(x, y) -> bigint
```

Returns the bitwise XOR of `x` and `y` in 2's complement representation.

Bitwise XOR of `19` (binary: `10011`) and `25` (binary: `11001`) results in
`10` (binary: `01010`):

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_xor(19,25); -- 10
```

### bitwise\_left\_shift

```
bitwise_left_shift(value, shift) -> [same as value]
```

Returns the left shifted value of `value`.

Shifting `1` (binary: `001`) by two bits results in `4` (binary: `00100`):

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_left_shift(1, 2); -- 4
```

Shifting `5` (binary: `0101`) by two bits results in `20` (binary: `010100`):

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_left_shift(5, 2); -- 20
```

Shifting a `value` by `0` always results in the original `value`:

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_left_shift(20, 0); -- 20
SELECT bitwise_left_shift(42, 0); -- 42
```

Shifting `0` by a `shift` always results in `0`:

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_left_shift(0, 1); -- 0
SELECT bitwise_left_shift(0, 2); -- 0
```

### bitwise\_right\_shift

```
bitwise_right_shift(value, shift) -> [same as value]
```

Returns the logical right shifted value of `value`.

Shifting `8` (binary: `1000`) by three bits results in `1` (binary: `001`):

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_right_shift(8, 3); -- 1
```

Shifting `9` (binary: `1001`) by one bit results in `4` (binary: `100`):

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_right_shift(9, 1); -- 4
```

Shifting a `value` by `0` always results in the original `value`:

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_right_shift(20, 0); -- 20
SELECT bitwise_right_shift(42, 0); -- 42
```

Shifting a `value` by `64` or more bits results in `0`:

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_right_shift( 12, 64); -- 0
SELECT bitwise_right_shift(-45, 64); -- 0
```

Shifting `0` by a `shift` always results in `0`:

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_right_shift(0, 1); -- 0
SELECT bitwise_right_shift(0, 2); -- 0
```

### bitwise\_right\_shift\_arithmetic

```
bitwise_right_shift_arithmetic(value, shift) -> [same as value]
```

Returns the arithmetic right shifted value of `value`.

Returns the same values as [bitwise\_right\_shift](#bitwise_right_shift) when shifting by less than
`64` bits. Shifting by `64` or more bits results in `0` for a positive and
`-1` for a negative `value`:

```sql theme={null}
SELECT bitwise_right_shift_arithmetic( 12, 64); --  0
SELECT bitwise_right_shift_arithmetic(-45, 64); -- -1
```

See also [bitwise\_and\_agg](/sql/functions/aggregate#bitwise-and-agg) and [bitwise\_or\_agg](/sql/functions/aggregate#bitwise-or-agg).